Lymphoedema surgery refers to a group of specialised procedures aimed at treating or managing lymphoedema—a chronic condition caused by impaired drainage of lymphatic fluid, resulting in swelling, most commonly in the arms or legs. Lymphoedema can develop following damage to the lymphatic system, such as after cancer treatments including lymph node removal or radiation therapy, or it may be present from birth (congenital or primary lymphoedema).

The primary goals of lymphoedema surgery are to reduce swelling, improve limb function, and enhance overall quality of life. Surgery is generally considered when conservative treatments—such as compression therapy, manual lymphatic drainage, skin care, and exercise—have not provided sufficient relief.

There are several surgical options available, depending on the severity and type of lymphoedema:

• Lymphatic Bypass Surgery (Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis or LVA): Microsurgical connections are made between lymphatic vessels and small veins to redirect lymphatic fluid and improve drainage.
• Vascularised Lymph Node Transfer (VLNT): Healthy lymph nodes, typically taken from the groin or neck, are transplanted to the affected area to help restore lymphatic function.
• Debulking Surgery: In advanced cases with significant fibrotic tissue and fat accumulation, excess tissue may be surgically removed to reduce limb volume.

Surgical management of lymphoedema should always be undertaken as part of a comprehensive care plan, and it is essential that patients are linked with an approved lymphoedema occupational therapist or physiotherapist. These specialists play a vital role in pre- and post-operative care, including assessment, conservative therapy, and long-term support to optimise outcomes and maintain results after surgery.

If you are considering lymphatic surgery, a consultation with a specialist team is the first step to determining the most appropriate treatment for your condition and goals.

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